Table C.9 Measurements of the scapula (in mm) used in this study. Ages have been estimated in fractions of years following the protocol described in Chapters 2 and 3. Asterisks indicate specimens whose age was estimated based on mandible measurements. specimen number sex age (years) coll. date coll. state side width height neck width glenoid width glenoid height glenoid ossification ACZ 99:9:1 M 0.08 1998 AK R 69.63 58.26 18.19 19.29 13.9 not ossified ACZ 99:9:2 M 0.08 1998 AK R 59.48 58.4 15.9 16.72 11.81 not ossified *CAS 2321 M 6.62 16-Oct-16 AK R 197 156 39.4 40.41 31.83 not ossified *CAS 2322 F 1.43 20-Oct-16 AK R 102.66 88.86 21.93 23.11 17.01 not ossified CAS 2323 M 0.36 14-Nov-16 AK R 75.79 63.89 17.84 19.45 13.91 not ossified *CAS 2324 F 4.12 20-Dec-16 AK R 162 136.56 29.75 31.14 25.04 fully ossified CAS 2325 M 6.95 15-Jun-17 AK R 199 188 37.27 40 33.32 fully ossified (nearly) CAS 3070 M 1.97 22-Jun-18 AK R 125.67 99.04 25.09 25.79 20.96 not ossified *CAS 4468 M 5.62 28-Jun-18 AK R 167 136.01 30.74 32.37 26.3 not ossified CAS 4470 F 0.11 12-Aug-17 AK R 57.45 48.55 14.35 15.34 10.24 not ossified CAS 4471 F 0.1 9-Aug-18 AK R 66.26 59.02 16.91 18.11 12.58 not ossified CAS 4536a ?M 0.1 9-Aug-18 AK L 66.28 59.41 16.94 18.4 12.68 not ossified CAS 4536b ?F 0.1 9-Aug-18 AK L 63.9 53.83 15.41 16.15 10.54 not ossified CAS 4564 F 21.9 18-Jul-18 AK R 170 136.25 28.68 29.99 22.11 fully ossified *CAS 4655 M 1.38 10-Oct-23 AK R 112.15 90.51 25.47 26.6 19.86 not ossified *CAS 4656 M 4.35 10-Oct-23 AK R 180 140 36.6 36.95 27.58 not ossified *CAS 4703 F 3.29 3-Aug-18 AK R 145.73 114.38 26.37 27.87 21.06 fully ossified CAS 16247 F 0.48 18-Dec-72 CA R 65.57 57.64 15.35 16.49 11.68 not ossified CAS 20737 M 0.24 21-Sep-76 CA R 80.6 67.67 16.82 18.35 14.7 not ossified *CAS 21243 F 4.71 7-Jul-79 CA R 175 133.69 29.66 30.7 23.97 fully ossified CAS 21782 M 0.34 25-Oct-79 CA R 76.89 63.85 18.64 19.51 13.28 not ossified CAS 21783 F 0.3 12-Oct-79 CA R 71.86 60.56 15.9 16.75 12.12 not ossified CAS 22569 M 0.4 16-Nov-80 CA R 84.92 72.61 18.97 21.09 14.57 not ossified CAS 23140 F 0.23 16-Sep-88 CA L 70.11 63.44 17.54 19.03 12.52 not ossified CAS 23144 M 0.22 13-Sep-88 CA R 87.4 73.83 19.27 20.65 15.18 not ossified CAS 23856 M 4.25 24-Sep-94 CA R 158 117.94 29.46 31.34 25.45 not ossified CAS 24098 F 0.63 9-Feb-97 CA R 88.92 69.03 19.49 19.77 14.14 not ossified CAS 24159 M 0.9 17-May-96 CA R 96.34 77.8 20.71 21.46 16.43 not ossified CAS 24160 M 0.4 29-Jan-97 CA R 78.1 65.65 17.27 18.4 12.9 not ossified *CAS 24264 F 5.93 21-Jan-98 CA R 152 127.81 24.29 26.92 19.96 fully ossified CAS 24350 F 0.25 24-Sep-98 CA R 77.33 65.82 16.26 18.31 13.04 not ossified CAS 24351 F 0.68 26-Feb-98 CA R 71.24 61.26 16.77 17.9 12.7 not ossified *CAS 24460 F 0.2 n.a. AK R 66.78 56.7 17.06 18.17 11.96 not ossified MAE M-064 M 0 1998 AK R 66.89 56.54 16.54 17.5 12.1 not ossified MAE M-067 F 23 1999 AK (via zoo) R 180 140.16 29.39 34.94 26.13 fully ossified *MAE 740770 F 0.57 n.a. n.a. L 78.72 67.52 17.66 19.79 12.87 not ossified *MCRC Y1 F 22.91 1970s WA? R 153.68 135.95 30.04 32.26 24.38 fully ossified *MCRC Y4 F 3.5 n.a. WA? R 143.37 117.22 28.17 29.56 21.77 fully ossified *MCRC Y6 F 0.54 n.a. WA? R 79.42 66.38 16.05 18.34 12.97 not ossified "NMML ""7/17/81""" F 4 17-Jul-81 AK L 144.14 113.58 24.23 25.98 20.87 fully ossified "NMML ""C.u. newborn female""" F 0 n.a. ?AK? R 60.05 50.48 15.95 17.05 10.99 not ossified "NMML ""C.u. newborn male""" M 0 n.a. ?AK? L 57.77 52.29 16.66 17.22 11.26 not ossified "NMML ""KMM 069""" M 0.5 21-Jan-92 WA? L 81.3 71.7 18.59 20.96 14.88 not ossified "NMML ""NWR 01001""" F 0.55 21-Jan-00 WA R 80.48 65.32 18.86 19.99 14.76 not ossified "NMML ""Sitka 1/6/98""" F 0.49 1-Jan-98 AK L 73.56 66.17 16.35 18.3 13.44 not ossified "NMML ""SMI 99-1""" F 0.1 30-Jul-99 AK R 66.23 54.03 17.62 18.17 12.48 not ossified "NMML ""SMI female 2000""" F 0.13 ~20-Jul-2000 CA L 63.44 58.3 15.88 17.09 11.19 not ossified "NMML ""SMI male 2000""" M 0.13 ~20-Jul-2000 CA R 64.66 60.67 16.89 18.48 11.69 not ossified "NMML ""SNP 98-1""" M 0.03 15-Jul-98 AK R 58.8 50.64 15.97 16.63 11.45 not ossified "NMML ""SNP 98-2""" M 0 1998 AK R 62.14 52.39 15.22 16.09 11.35 not ossified "NMML ""SNP 98-4""" F 0.04 17-Jul-98 AK R 58.61 53.84 15.25 16.23 10.61 not ossified NMML 458 M 1.17 13-Sep-48 AK R 95.23 86.1 21 22.46 17.42 not ossified *NMML 1773 F 23.2 1992 n.a. R 184 136.34 28.74 31.11 23.08 fully ossified NMML 1774 M 7 1992 n.a. R 210 185 35.92 37.6 32.65 moderately (partially) ossified NMML 1775 F 0 1997 n.a. R 57.53 49.67 14.98 15.75 9.75 not ossified PSM 2447 F 9 10-Jul-50 AK R 153.67 131.85 28.45 33.17 25.07 fully ossified PSM 2448 M 0.02 16-Jul-50 AK R 57.1 51.75 15.6 16.37 11.22 not ossified PSM 24832 F 0.73 30-Mar-76 WA R 86.51 71.6 18.09 19.61 14.31 not ossified PSM 26352 F 4 n.a. WA R 136.02 114.45 24.76 26.21 19.99 not ossified PSM 27384 F 7.85 12-May-77 WA R - 131.72 30.39 32.55 24.57 fully ossified PSU 98-12-26 F 0.48 26-Dec-98 AK? R 87.16 71.13 17.94 20.18 14.54 not ossified UAA Y5 M 3 n.a. n.a. R 141.5 108.3 29.5 30.1 23.5 not ossified *UAM 18723 F 8.19 13-Aug-76 AK R 169 126.7 31.5 31 22 fully ossified USNM A0012740a F 5.29 n.a. AK L 143.92 117.25 24.04 26.51 20.47 glenoid partially ossified *USNM A0012740b F 27.28 n.a. AK - - - - - - - USNM A0014221 M 0.17 n.a. AK? L 71.65 61.49 18.57 20.11 12.39 not ossified USNM A0016310 M 1 20-Aug-1879 AK L 127.92 96.23 24.28 27.2 21.34 not ossified USNM A0016311 M 0.12 30-Aug-1879 AK? L 64.59 56.47 15.63 16.82 11.34 not ossified USNM A0016312 M 3 20-Aug-1879 AK? L 142.56 123.18 28.48 30.56 22.61 not ossified USNM A0016313 M 4 30-Aug-1879 AK? L 185 130.38 35.52 35.84 27.8 not ossifed USNM A0016314 M 0.15 5-Aug-1879 AK? L 67.86 59.19 17.17 18.32 12.28 not ossified *USNM A0016315 M -0.31 1879 AK L 43.24 37.64 10.96 11.22 7.49 not ossified (poorly ossified) USNM A0016317 M 0.17 22-Aug-1879 AK? L 74.43 64.72 18.26 19.48 13.52 not ossified USNM A0016318 M 1 Aug-1879 AK L 124.04 94.09 25.82 26.96 20.87 not ossified USNM A0016319 M 0.25 Aug-1879 AK? L 80.95 67.2 19.14 21.04 14.33 not ossified *USNM A0020866 M 7.98 n.a. AK? L 228 187 44.15 45.17 37.77 fully ossified *USNM A0021332 F 4.2 1882 AK R 147.33 115.33 26.34 29.04 23.15 glenoid partially ossified *USNM A0021334 M 0.11 1882 AK L 66.69 58.4 18.18 18.81 12.67 not ossified USNM 206311 F 0.23 26-Sep-11 AK R 78.23 65.6 19.05 19.78 14.69 not ossified *USNM 219848 F 4.57 19-teens AK R 150.53 124.09 26.61 28.46 21.38 fully ossified *USNM 219849 M 6.26 1916 AK R 173 210 42.19 44.45 33.33 not ossified *USNM 219850 M 4.53 19-teens AK R 166 134.71 32.82 34.35 27.49 moderately (partially) ossified *USNM 219852 M 1.42 19-teens AK R 107.14 84.61 23.84 24.92 18.76 not ossified *USNM 219855 M 1.28 19-teens AK R 108.08 87.13 23.5 25.92 18.09 not ossified *USNM 219858 M 6.88 19-teens AK R 223 191 39.95 42.25 36.21 not ossified *USNM 219859 M 5.66 1917 AK R 191 144.96 39.17 38.21 30.29 not ossified *USNM 219860 M 5.48 1917 AK R 187 147.33 38.48 40.07 30.16 not ossified *USNM 219861 M 6.92 1917 AK R 184 160 35.96 38.09 30.97 not ossified USNM 237301 M 7 1919 AK R 210 192 44.43 45.99 35.18 fully ossified USNM 285721 M 3 1946 AK R 138.22 109.22 28.26 29.76 23.55 not ossified *USNM 504200 F 9.28 1-Jan-75 n.a. R 165 128.26 30.97 30.99 23.52 fully ossified USNM 564286 F 0.24 1-Oct-41 AK R 70.39 65.92 16.39 17.66 12.7 not ossified WBM 12550 M 9 3-Aug-47 AK R 224 189 45.12 41.93 35.71 fully ossified (nearly) WBM 12552 M 14 20-Jul-50 AK R 279 246 45.1 52.69 42.23 fully ossified WBM 18334 F 0.81 24-Apr-58 AK R 81.68 67.75 17.91 19.46 13.8 not ossified WBM 18335 M 3.82 1-May-58 AK R 139.42 110.28 29.55 31.52 22.75 not ossified *WBM 19912 F -0.03 1956 AK R 53.2 50.15 13.27 15.04 9.23 not ossified WBM 28806 M 6.16 1-Sep-48 AK R 218 181 37.98 42.27 33.31 moderately (partially) ossified *WBM 32144 F 27.62 7-Apr-80 n.a. R 168 132.94 27.96 31.16 23.79 fully ossified WBM 38921 M 10 23-May-90 AK R 257 257 49.93 57.09 45.44 fully ossified